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John Cairncross : ウィキペディア英語版 | John Cairncross
John Cairncross (25 July 1913 – 8 October 1995) was a British civil servant who became an intelligence officer and spy during World War II. As a Soviet double agent, he passed to the Soviet Union the raw Tunny decrypts that influenced the Battle of Kursk. He was alleged to be the fifth member of the Cambridge Five. ==Childhood and education== Cairncross's father was the manager of an ironmonger's and his mother a primary school teacher. John Cairncoss was one of a family of eight, many of whom had distinguished careers. All three of his brothers became professors. One was the economist Sir Alexander Kirkland Cairncross (a.k.a. Alec Cairncross). The journalist Frances Cairncross is his niece. Cairncross grew up in Lesmahagow, a small town on the edge of moorland, near Lanark in the Central Belt of Scotland, and was educated at the Hamilton Academy; the University of Glasgow; the Sorbonne and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he studied French and German.〔() Scottish News Archive, The Herald, Glasgow, article 13 January 1998, ''Plea over Scots Spy'' – John Cairncross, "a former pupil of Hamilton Academy". Retrieved 7 September 2011〕〔() The Independent – obituary, John Cairncross 10 October 1995. Retrieved 7 September 2011〕〔() BBC Archive – John Cairncross, Cambridge spies. Retrieved 7 September 2011〕
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